Dialysis Centers/Patient Resources

Kidney Stones Disease

What It Is:

Different substance collect in the tubes of the kidneys, forming stones

What Causes It:

Anything that makes it more likely for substances to precipitate in the tubes of the kidneys will cause it

How to Manage It:

1. Fluid Intake: Enough fluid to urinate 2 liters a day
2. Appropriate Diet:
   • Lower Animal Protein
   • High protein makes the urine more acid, which causes stones. It also increases the amount of calcium in the urine.
   • More Fruits and Vegetables: This makes the urine more basic, which makes stones less likely to form. It also puts more potassium in the urine, which makes stones less likely to form.
   • Low salt: Salt causes more calcium in the urine
   • High Calcium: -This blocks oxalate in the urine, which can also cause stones

Diabetic Kidney Disease

also known as Diabetic Nephropathy

What It Is:

Low kidney function caused by Diabetes This causes a higher Creatinine and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

What Causes It:

High Blood sugar is toxic to the kidneys

How to Manage It:

1. Hemoglobin A1c should be 7 or less
2. Protein in the urine should be less than 0.5 grams
3. Blood Pressure should be less than 130/80
4. All patients should be on an ACE Inhibitor or an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker unless there is a good reason not to be
5. All patients should consider being on a SGLT-2 Inhibitor